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How_Failure_Can_Lead_to_Long-Lasting_Knowledge.zip

This is the VOA Special English Education Report.

No one likes to make mistakes. But a new study says organizations learn more from their failures than their successes, and keep that knowledge longer.
어떤 이도 실수하기를 좋아하지 않습니다. 그러나 새로운 연구에 의하면 조직들은 실수로부터 더 많은 것을 배우고 그 지식은 더 오래 유지 된다고 한다.

 

One of the researchers was Vinit Desai, an assistant professor at the University of Colorado Denver Business School. He worked with Peter Madsen from the Marriott School of Management at Brigham Young University in Utah.
연구원들 중 한 명은 Vinit Desai, 즉 Colorado Denver Business School 대학의 조교수입니다. 그는 Brigham Young 대학의 Marriott School of Management의 Peter Madsen과 함께 연구했습니다. 

 

They did not find much long-term "organizational learning" from success. It is possible, they say. But Professor Desai says they found that knowledge gained from failure lasts for years.
그들은 성공으로부터의 장기간 조직적 학습을 많이 발견하지는 못했습니다. 그러나 Desai 교수는 실패로부터 얻은 지식은 오랫동안 지속된다는 것을 발견했다고 합니다.

 

He says organizations should treat failures as a learning opportunity and not try to ignore them.
그는 조직들은 실패들을 무시하려하지 말고 학습기회로 취급해야 한다고 말합니다.

 

The study looked at companies and organizations that launch satellites and other space vehicles. Professor Desai compared two shuttle flights.
그 연구는 인공위성과 다른 우주선들을 발사한 회사와 조직들을 관찰 하였습니다.

 

In two thousand two, a piece of insulating material broke off during launch and damaged a rocket on the Atlantis. Still, the flight was considered a success.
2002년에 한 조각의 절연물질이 발사동안 부서져나갔고 Atlantis호의 추진체에 손상을 끼쳤다. 그럼에도 그 비행은 성공으로 여겨졌다. 

 

Then, in early two thousand three, a piece of insulation struck the Columbia during launch. This time, the shuttle broke apart on re-entry and the seven crew members died. NASA officials suspended all flights and an investigation led to suggested changes.
그 후, 2003년 초, 절연 한 조각이 출발 할 때 Columbia호를 강타했다. 이때, 우주왕복선은 (지구대기권으로) 재진입 할 때 해체되어 탑승자 7명의 우주비행사가 죽었습니다. NASA 관계자들은 모든 비행을 중지했고, 조사이후 변경이 제안되었다. 

 

Professor Desai says the search for solutions after a failure can make leaders more open-minded. He points to airlines as an example of an industry that has learned from failures in the past.
Desai교수는 실패 후에 해결책을 찾는 것이 지도자들을 더 오픈 마인드를 갖게 해 줄 수 있다고 한다. 그는 과거의 실패로 부터 배운 업계의 일례로 여객항공사를 들고 있다.

 

He advises organizations to look for useful information in small failures and failures they avoided. He also urges leaders to encourage the open sharing of information. The study appeared in the Academy of Management Journal.
그는 조직들이 작은 실패와 그들이 회피했던 실패에서 유용한 정보를 찾도록 충고한다. 그는 또한 지도자들이 정보의 개방공개를 장려하도록 촉구한다. 이 연구는 Academy of Management Journal지에 실렸다. 

 

The mistakes we learn from do not have to be our own. We recently asked people on our Facebook page to tell us a time they had done something really silly.
우리가 배우는 실수는 우리 자신의 것일 필요는 없다(다른이의 것을 통해서도 배운다). 우리는 최근에 Facebook 페이지에서 사람들에게 그들은 정말 우스운 것을 하고 있는 때를 우리에게 말해달라고 요청했습니다.  

 

Fabricio Cimino wrote: Not long ago I wanted to watch TV, but it wouldn't turn on, so I did everything I could to start it. Thirty minutes later my mum shows up and, passing by, says to me "Did you try plugging it?" I was like "I'm just dusting, Mum!" so she wouldn't notice how dumb I am sometimes!
Fabricio Cimino는 이렇게 썼다: 얼마 전 텔레비전 보기를 원했는데, 켤 수가 없었습니다, 그래서 나는 켤 수 있는 모든 짓을 다해봤죠. 30분 후에 엄마가 지나가시다가 이렇게 물으셨습니다. "전기코드 끼웠어?" 저는 "그냥 먼저 닦는 중이예요. 엄마!"라고 말했고, 그래서 엄마는 내가 가끔 얼마나 바고 같은지 모르셨습니다.  

 

Bruno Kanieski da Silva told about a time he looked everywhere for his key. It was in his pocket. He wrote: I always promise I will never do it again, but after a few weeks ... where is my wallet? For sure it will be in a very logical place.
Bruno Kaniesk da Silva는 그의 차의 키를 찾기 위해 이곳저곳을 뒤져본 일을 얘기했다. 키는 자신의 주머니 속에 있었다. 그는 이렇게 썼다: 나는 결코 다시는 이런 일이 일어나지 않도록 하겠다라고 항상 맹세하지만, 몇 주가 지나면..., 지갑이 어딨지? 분명히 그것은 아주 논리적인 장소(있을 만한 곳:바보같은 짓을 했다)에 있을 것이다. 

 

You can find more comments like these on Facebook at VOA Learning English. And that's the VOA Special English Education Report, written by Avi Arditti. I'm Steve Ember.
당신은 VOA Learning English에 Facebook에서 이들 같은 더 많은 의견을 찾을 수 있다. 그리고 이것은 VOA 스페셜잉글리쉬의 교육뉴스이고, Avi Arditti가 썼으며, 저는 Steve Ember입니다.

List of Articles
번호 제목 글쓴이 날짜sort 조회 수

VOA News A Room Where Nurses Learn How Not to Get Hurt

  • chanyi
  • 2012-01-07
  • 조회 수 926

Nurses spend their lives helping other people recover from injuries and illnesses.(간호사들은 다른 사람들이 부상이나 질병으로 부터 회복하도록 도우며 그들의 삶을 보내고 있습니다.) Yet nurses suffer a surprising number of injuries and illnesses themselves because of their work.(그러나 간호사 자신들은 그들의 일 때문에 엄청난 수의 부상이나 질병을 겪고있습니다.) In fact, the United States Department of Labor says nursing is the second leading profession for on-the-job injuries.(사실 미국 노동부는 간...

VOA News A Cool Way to Keep Food From Spoiling

  • chanyi
  • 2012-01-07
  • 조회 수 1064

A few degrees can make a big difference when it comes to food storage.(식품저장에 있어 몇도는 큰 차이를 만들 수 있습니다.) Foods can go bad if they get too warm.(식품은 너무 따뜻하게 되면 상할 수 있습니다.) But for many of the world's poor, finding a good way to keep food cool is difficult.(그러나 세계의 많은 가난한 사람들에게 음식을 시원하게 유지하는 좋은 방법을 찾는것은 어렵습니다.) Refrigerators are costly and they need electricity.(냉장고는 비싸고 전기를 필요로 합니다.) Yet spoiled food not ...

VOA News Ear Care: Do-It-Yourself Wax Removal

  • chanyi
  • 2012-01-07
  • 조회 수 2090

Some people's ears produce wax like busy little bees.(어떤 사람들의 귀는 분주한 작은 벌들처럼 귀지를 만들어낸다.) This can be a problem even though earwax appears to serve an important purpose.(귀지가 중요한 역할을 하는듯 하지만 이것은 문제가 될 수 있다.) It protects and cleans the ear.(귀지는 귀를 보호하고 깨끗케 해준다.) It traps dirt and other matter, and it keeps insects out.(귀지는 먼지나 다른 물질을 가두어 주며, 곤충들이 들어오지 못하게 막아준다. ) Doctors think earwax might also help prot...

VOA News Test Your Word Knowledge With a Quiz About Farm Terms

  • chanyi
  • 2012-01-07
  • 조회 수 1738

Today we have a vocabulary quiz. We start with two questions about terms for plants. OK, first question: What is the name for a plant that lives only one year or one growing season? This kind of plant is called an annual. Think of an "annual report," a report published just once a year. You can probably guess the next question. What do we call a plant that produces new growth year after year? Plants that keep growing back are called perennials. So a perennial is the opposite of an annual. Perenn...

VOA News Words and Their Stories: Heart to Heart

  • chanyi
  • 2012-01-08
  • 조회 수 1137

The English language has many heartfelt expressions | WORDS AND THEIR STORIES 스마트폰으로 청취가능 Now, the VOA Special English program WORDS AND THEIR STORIES. Each week, this program explains the many meanings of English expressions. Today’s expressions include a very important word –heart. We will try to get to the heart of the matter to better understand the most important things about words and their stories. So take heart. Have no fear about learning new expressions. Besides, popular Engli...

VOA News Program Helps Students Express Themselves With Creative Writing

  • chanyi
  • 2012-01-09
  • 조회 수 611

Program Helps Students Express Themselves With Creative Writing This is the VOA Special English Education Report, from http://voaspecialenglish.com | http://facebook.com/voalearningenglish 826 is the name of a nonprofit organization that works to help students become better writers by thinking creatively.(826은 비영리기관의 이름인데 그 기관은 학생들이 창의적으로 사고하는것에 의해 더 나은 작가가 되도록 돕는 활동을 합니다.) 826 is also the address of the first center where this literary arts progr...

VOA News 'Property Ladder' Helps Poor Gain Land Rights file

  • chanyi
  • 2012-01-13
  • 조회 수 622

This is the VOA Special English Agriculture Report, from http://voaspecialenglish.com | http://facebook.com/voalearningenglish Less than a third of people in developing countries own or have any official right to the land they live on.(개발도상국에 살고있는 사람들의 1/3이하만이 그들이 살고있는 땅에 어떤 공식적인 권리를 소유하고 있거나 가지고 있다.) Development experts say gaining land rights is important for reducing poverty and increasing economic growth and food production.(개발 전문가들은 땅...

VOA News Religion Gets Largest Share of Charity in US

  • chanyi
  • 2012-01-17
  • 조회 수 727

Americans gave about two hundred ninety billion dollars to charity last year.(미국인들은 대략 2천 9백억 달러를 자선단체에 기부했다.) That was ten billion dollars more than the amount of charitable giving in two thousand nine.(그것은 2009년의 자선기부보다 10억달러가 많다.) The estimates are from the Giving USA Foundation and its research partner, the Center on Philanthropy at Indiana University.( 그 추정치는 기빙 유에스에이 재단과 그 재단의 연구파트너인 인디애나대학 자선센터에서 나왔습니다.) Char...

VOA News Education Group Gives $170 Million to 7 Countries

  • chanyi
  • 2012-01-18
  • 조회 수 940

A three-year effort in developing countries will seek to put twenty-five million children in school for the first time.(개발도상국 3년의 노력이 2500만명의 아이들을 처음으로 학교에 보내게 할 것으로 보인다.) Another goal of the Global Partnership for Education is to train six hundred thousand teachers. (글로벌 교육 파트너쉽의 또 다른 목표는 60만명의 교사들을 훈련시키는 것이다.) The partnership recently awarded nearly one hundred seventy million dollars in grants to seven countries.(이 파트너쉽은 ...

VOA News A Youth Orchestra for Chinese-Americans Widens Its Reach

  • chanyi
  • 2012-01-23
  • 조회 수 597

A musical program in Oakland, California, gives children of Chinese-American families a safe place to spend their free time.(캘리포니아 오클랜드의 음악 프로그램이 중국계 미국가족들의 아이들에게 그들의 자유시간을 보낼 안전한 장소를 제공하고 있습니다.) Sherlyn Chew says the program is for students who might have nothing else to do after school ends for the day. (Sherlyn Chew가 말에 의하면 이 음악프로그램은 하루 수업이 끝난후 해야 할 어떤일도 가지고 있지 않을지도 모르는 아이들을 위한것입니다.) SHER...

VOA News Jai Alai Fans Are Betting on a Better Future for Their Fast Sport

  • chanyi
  • 2012-01-28
  • 조회 수 614

From http://voaspecialenglish.com | http://facebook.com/voalearningenglish Jai Alai might be the fastest ball sport in the world. The ball flies at a great speed. Long-time player John Silvia says that is what got him interested in the sport. JOHN SILVIA: "The ball averages about 140 miles (225 kilometers) an hour on the throw. It kind of comes at you like a snake in the air, so it is very difficult to catch." The players catch and throw the ball with a cesta -- a wicker-basket glove tied tightl...

VOA News Consumers' Online Petitions Put Pressure on Businesses

  • chanyi
  • 2012-01-31
  • 조회 수 894

This is the VOA Special English Technology Report. The modern way to collect signatures on a petition requires no paper or pen or standing on a street for hours. Change.org and other websites let people start or sign online petitions. There are many different reasons why people start petitions at Change.org. The top causes range from animal protection to criminal justice to women's rights. Lauren Todd of New York started a petition a few months ago after she saw a picture of a girl's shirt on Fa...

VOA News Treating Cancer in Cats and Dogs

  • chanyi
  • 2012-02-03
  • 조회 수 607

MARIO RITTER: Salsa is a house cat. She belongs to Chris Condetti. We asked Chris what Salsa means to his family. CHRIS CONDETTI: "She is part of the family. She's always with us." MARIO RITTER: Many people treat their pets like family members. Americans spend large amounts of money on health care for pets. They spent $13 billion on veterinary care in 2010. But the health of animals also has a big influence on medical care for people. At the University of Missouri, Doctor Kim Selting recently co...

VOA News Studying the World's Deepest Volcanic Vents

  • chanyi
  • 2012-02-03
  • 조회 수 470

British scientists in January reported details of the world's deepest volcanic vents. These passageways were discovered in 2010 in a narrow valley at the bottom of the Caribbean Sea. The vents release very hot liquid minerals. But they are surrounded by sea creatures, including shrimp and snails. The volcanic vents were discovered near the bottom of the Cayman Trough -- an undersea area south of the Cayman Islands. Jon Copley is a marine biologist at the University of Southampton in England. He ...

VOA News Bright Idea: Light Bulbs From Plastic Bottles, Water and Bleach file

  • chanyi
  • 2012-02-08
  • 조회 수 613

Nearly a billion and a half people, mainly in Asia and Africa, were living without electricity in two thousand nine. That latest count from the International Energy Agency was an improvement. In Asia, three out of four people in developing countries had electricity in rural areas. So did almost everyone in cities. But in Africa the rate was less than seventy percent in cities, and just one-fourth of the people in rural areas. There are many efforts to find low-cost ways to light homes. One idea ...

VOA News Big Investors, Small Farmers in Africa: a Fair Deal? file

  • chanyi
  • 2012-02-08
  • 조회 수 701

This is the VOA Special English Agriculture Report, fromhttp://voaspecialenglish.com | http://facebook.com/voalearningenglish Foreign investment in African land is growing. Countries like China, Saudi Arabia and South Korea are leasing or buying millions of hectares to grow food for their people. Research shows that many large land deals lack protections for small farmers. Contracts may guarantee leases for up to ninety-nine years, leaving local people without land for generations. Better practi...

VOA News 'Passive' Homes Save Energy, Money file

  • chanyi
  • 2012-02-08
  • 조회 수 841

This is the VOA Special English Economics Report, fromhttp://voaspecialenglish.com | http://facebook.com/voalearningenglish Heating and cooling equipment are the biggest users of energy in American homes. And homes are responsible for about one fourth of the nation's total energy use. But there are surprisingly simple ways to deeply cut energy use, its effect on the environment and its cost. David Peabody and his team at Peabody Architects design passive homes. He says the design of a passive ho...

VOA News More School May Mean Higher IQ Scores file

  • chanyi
  • 2012-02-08
  • 조회 수 1808

This is the VOA Special English Education Report, fromhttp://voaspecialenglish.com | http://facebook.com/voalearningenglish A study in Norway has found that students who stayed in school longer than others their age scored higher on intelligence tests.In the nineteen fifties, the government began requiring students to attend school until the age of sixteen instead of fourteen. Communities had almost twenty years to make the change. So some students went to school for seven years while others wen...

VOA News A Tablet Computer That Touches You Back file

  • chanyi
  • 2012-02-14
  • 조회 수 581

From http://voaspecialenglish.com | http://facebook.com/voalearningenglish The Consumer Electronics Association holds a show every year in Las Vegas. This year, the show offered everything from dancing robots and singer Justin Bieber to ski-jumpers wearing some kind of technology. The association's Chris Ely says the direction of electronics is clear. CHRIS ELY: "The shift is more towards mobile connected devices. We are seeing an incredible amount of energy and products and volume into products...

VOA News Websites Cut Service to Protest US Antipiracy Bills

  • chanyi
  • 2012-02-16
  • 조회 수 520

This is the VOA Special English Economics Report , fromhttp://voaspecialenglish.com | http://facebook.com/voalearningenglish On January eighteenth, Wikipedia, the online encyclopedia, blacked out its English language website for twenty-four hours. The move was part of an organized protest against a proposed United States law to fight illegal copying of intellectual property on the Internet.Jay Walsh is head of communications for the Wikimedia Foundation which operates Wikipedia. He says the legi...

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