How a Small Change in Teaching May Create Better Readers
VOA News 조회 수 662 추천 수 0 2012.05.23 22:26:03This is the VOA Special English Education Report, from http://voaspecialenglish.com | http://facebook.com/voalearningenglish
Teachers and
parents usually call attention to the pictures when they read storybooks to
preschool children. But a new study suggests that calling attention to the words
and letters on the page may lead to better readers. The two-year study compared
children who were read to this way in class with children who were not. Those
whose teachers most often discussed the print showed clearly higher skills in
reading, spelling and understanding. These results were found one year and even
two years later. Shayne Piasta, an assistant professor of teaching and learning
at Ohio State University, was an author of the study. She says most preschool
teachers would find this method manageable and would need only a small change in
the way they teach. They already read storybooks in class. The only difference
would be increased attention to the printed text. Ms. Piasta says if you get
children to pay attention to letters and words, it makes sense that they will do
better at word recognition and spelling. But she says research suggests that
very few parents and teachers do this in a systematic way. The report appears in
the journal Child Development.More than three hundred children age four and five
were observed in classrooms in Ohio and Virginia. The children came from poor
families and were below average in their language skills. This put them at risk
for reading problems later. For thirty weeks, the children took part in a
program called Project STAR, for Sit Together And Read. The project is based at
Ohio State. It tests the short-term and long-term results of reading regularly
to preschool children in their classrooms. Laura Justice at Ohio State says
researchers think they understand how information about print is transmitted
from the adult to the child. This knowledge can be gained by having focused
discussions when reading a book out loud. Professor Justice say this
intervention can help adults "center in on the things that children need and
want to learn." There are different ways that adults can talk to children about
print. They can point to a letter and discuss it, and even trace the shape with
a finger. They can point out a word: "This is 'dog.'" They can discuss the
meaning of the print or how the words tell the story. And they can talk about
the organization of the print -- for instance, showing how words are written
left to right in English. For VOA Special English, I'm Carolyn Presutti. You can
read and listen to our programs at voapspecialenglish.com. (Adapted from a radio
program broadcast 26Apr2012)
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