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[Full Text]"Jailed Chinese Dissident Liu Xiaobo Wins Nobel Peace Prize"

"감옥 수감중인 반체제인사 리우 시아오보 박사에게 수여된 노벨 평화 상"

 dissident: 반체제인사


This is IN THE NEWS in VOA Special English.
이 기사는 VOA IN THE NEWS 스페셜 기사입니다.

This year's winner of the Nobel Peace Prize, Liu Xiaobo, is a fifty-four-year-old dissident and writer jailed in China. He was detained at the end of two thousand eight, before the release of a political reform document he helped organize.
올해 노벨 평화상의 주인공은 54세로 반체제인사 작가이며 현재 중국 감옥에 갇혀 있는 리우 시아오보 씨다. 그가 참여했던 정치 개혁 문서가 공개되기 전인 2008년 말 억류되었다. 

 
"Charter 08" calls for greater freedom of assembly, expression and religion. Last December he was sentenced to eleven years in prison for inciting subversion. China says Liu Xiaobo is a criminal and that what he has done goes against the purpose of the Nobel Peace Prize. It says the award could harm relations between China and Norway. But the Norwegian Nobel Committee said there is a "close connection between human rights and peace."
“제 08 헌장”은 집회와 표현과 종교의 자유를 요구했다. 지난 12월 그는 국가전복을 부추긴 이유로 11년형을 받았다. 중국은 리우 시아오보는 범죄자이며 그가 한 행동은 노벨 평화상의 목적에 맞지 않는다고 주장했다. 또한 이번 수여로 인해 중국과 노르웨이의 관계가 나빠질 수도 있다고 했다. 하지만 노르웨이 노벨 위원회는 “인권과 평화는 밀접한 관계”가 있다고 설명했다.

*Dana의 짧은 영어 교실*
- dissident : 반대자, 반체제 인사
- jail : 수감하다, 감금되다
- detain : 유치[구류, 감금]하다, 지체하다
- release : 해방
- assembly : 모임, 집합, 집회, 회합
- inciting : 격려하는, 자극하는
- subversion: 전복, 파괴

Torbjorn Jaglund is the committee chairman.
"China has become a very big power in economic terms as well as in political terms. And it is normal that big powers should be under criticism.
"
위원회장인 Torbjorn Jaglund 회장은 이렇게 말했다.“중국은 경제적으로도 영향력이 세졌으며 정치적으로도 세졌습니다. 그러니 그 힘은 비평받는 것이 정상입니다.”

*Dana의 짧은 영어 교실*
- term : 규정, 조건, 약정
- criticism : 비평, 비판 

 

Writer Mario Vargas Llosa from Peru won this year's prize in literature. He has written more than thirty novels, plays and essays, including "The Feast of the Goat" and "Aunt Julia and the Scriptwriter."
페루 출신의 마리오 바가스 엘로사 작가가 올해의 문학상을 탔다. 그는 대표작인 <염소의 축제(The Feast of the Goat)>와 <줄리아 이모와 작가(Aunt Julia and Scriptwriter)>소설, 연극, 에세이 등 30여 작품을 써냈다.

He lives part-time in Spain. And he is politically active - he was a presidential candidate in Peru in nineteen ninety. Mario Vargas Llosa is the first Nobel winner in literature from Latin America since Mexican writer Octavio Paz in nineteen ninety. 
그는 잠시 동안 스페인에 살았었다. 또한 1990년 페루 대통령 후보에도 올랐던 경험이 있는 정치적 활동가다. 마리오 바가스 엘로사 작가는 1990년 멕시코의 옥타비오 파즈 작가가 상을 탄 이래로 라틴 아메리카에서 문학상을 받은 최초의 수여자다.

*Dana의 짧은 영어 교실*
- literature : 문학
- active : 활동가

 

There are three chemistry prize winners this year. Two are Japanese, Ei-ichi Negishi of Purdue University in the United States and Akira Suzuki of Hokkaido University. The third is American Richard Heck from the University of Delaware.
올해 노벨 화학상을 받은 사람은 세 명이며, 그 중 두 명은 일본인으로 미국 펄듀 대학교의 에이이치 네기쉬 박사와 홋카이도 대학의 아키라 스즈키 박사다. 나머지 한 명은 델라위어 대학교의 미국인 리차드 핵 박사다.

They developed a process that simplified how carbon atoms are stuck together to produce new materials. Their methods are used to create everything from new drugs to electronics. The three winners chosen by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences will share the award of one and a half million dollars in December. 
그들은 탄소 원자가 서로 결합하여 새로운 요소를 만들어 내는 법을 개발하였다. 그들의 방법은 새로운 약물을 전자로 바꾸는 모든 방식에 적용되었다. 로얄 스웨덴 과학 아카데미가 선정한 이 세 명의 주인공들은 올 12월 150만 달러를 나누어 가질 계획이다.

*Dana의 짧은 영어 교실*
- chemistry : 화학
- simplify : 간소화하다, 간단하게 하다
-
carbon : 탄소
- atom : 원자
- stuck : 들러붙다
- electronic : 전자, 전기

 

This year's prize in physics goes to Russian-born Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov, both from Manchester University in Britain. They won for their experiments with a form of carbon called graphene. It started with a simple experiment, using sticky tape to pick up pieces of graphite, the same material found in pencils. That was only six years ago.
올해 물리학상은 영국 맨체스터 대학의 러시아인인 안드레 게임 교수와 콘스탄틴 노보세로브 교수에게 돌아갔다. 그들은 그래픈이라고 불리는 탄소 입자 실험으로 입상하게 되었다. 이 실험은 접착 테이프로 연필심의 원료인 흑연 조각들을 붙여 올리는 간단한 실험에서 시작되었다. 고작 6년 전에 말이다.

Graphene is just one atom thick, thin enough to see through, but extremely strong for its size. And electricity can pass through it quickly without much loss of energy. There could be many uses, from electronics to aircraft. 

그래픈은 투명할 정도로 가늘고 농도 짙은 원자지만 그 크기에 비해 굉장히 단단하다. 그래서 많은 에너지 손실 없이도 빠르게 전자가 통과할 수 있다. 이는 전자업계 뿐만이 아니라 항공사업에서도 유용하게 쓰일 수 있다.

*Dana의 짧은 영어 교실*
- physics : 물리학
- experiment : 시험, 실험
- sticky : 끈적이는, 접착성 있는
- graphite : 흑연
- see through : 통과해 볼 수 있는, 투명한 

 

The prize in medicine goes to Britain's Robert Edwards for the development of in-vitro fertilization. With IVF, eggs are removed from a woman, fertilized in a laboratory and then placed into the womb. This process has led to the birth of four million people since the first "test-tube baby," Louise Brown, in nineteen seventy-eight.
의료상은 시험관 수정을 성공한 영국의 로버트 에드워드에게 돌아갔다. 여성에게서 난자를 채취해 실험관에서 수정을 시킨 후 여성의 자궁 속에 착상시키는 체외수정이다. 이 체외수정은 1978년 처음으로 태어난 시험관 아기 루이스 브라운을 필두로 현재까지 4백만 명 이상이 태어났다.

The Catholic Church opposes IVF, in part because unused eggs are often destroyed. The eighty-five-year-old scientist developed it with British surgeon Patrick Steptoe, who died in nineteen eighty-eight. Nobel winners must be living.

천주교는 사용되지 않은 난자가 종종 소멸한다는 이유로 체외수정을 반대해왔다. 이 실험은 1988년 85세로 사망한 영국의 과학자 패트릭 스텝토에 의해 성공했지만 노벨상은 반드시 생존해 있는 사람에게 주어져야 한다.

*Dana의 짧은 영어 교실*
- in-vitro : 시험관
- fertilization : 수정, 수태
- egg : 난자
- laboratory : 시험관
- womb : 자궁
- oppose : 반대하다
- destroy : 파괴하다, 없어지다

 

And that's IN THE NEWS in VOA Special English. I'm Mario Ritter.
지금까지 VOA IN THE NEWS였습니다. 저는 Mario Ritter였습니다.

[출처] 마음을 담은 교육 TeachMe   www.teachme.co.kr

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